MODAL VERB "SHOULD" (GRADE X )

BASIC COMPETENCE

3.2. Menerapkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks interaksi         transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait keharusan melakukan suatu tindakan/kegiatan pada waktu yang akan datang, saat ini, atau waktu lampau, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya. (Perhatikan unsur kebahasaan should +(simple), should +(continuous), should+(perfect))

4.2. Menyusun teks interaksi transaksional lisan dan tulis yang melibatkan tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait keharusan melakukan suatu tindakan/kegiatan pada waktu yang akan datang, saat ini, atau waktu lampau, dengan memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar dan sesuai konteks.

                                                      LEARNING GOALS

After studying this chapter, the students are expected to be able to identify the social function, text structure and language features of monologue and written text about asking and giving obligation, recommendation, advice or opinion, correction, expectation. 

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"Should" is a modal verb. We often use "should" when we say what we think is a good thing to do or the right thing to do.

e.g. The government should do something about the economy.

        Should we invite Susan to the party? Yes, I think we should. 

"Shouldn't" means that it is not a good thing to do.

e.g. You've been coughing a lot lately. You shouldn't smoke so much.

        Tom really shouldn't go out. He has too much homework to do.

"Should" is not as strong as Must.

e.g. You should stop smoking (means It would be a good idea to stop smoking).

        You must stop smoking (means It is necessary that you stop smoking).

In giving advice, Should" and "Had Better" are commonly used.

e.g. I think you should take more exercise. 

       I think you had better do more exercise.

Pattern: Should + (Simple)

Affirmative	Subject	should	Verb 1
Negative	Subject	Should not	Verb 1
Interrogative	Should	Subject	Verb 1

When you say that "You should be doing something", you mean that it is the best thing to do or what somebody is expected to do at this moment.

e.g. I really should be studying for my exam tomorrow.

       (= I'm not doing it yet, but I think it is a good idea to it right now).

Pattern: Should + (continuous)

Affirmative	Subject	should	be	Verb-ing
Negative	Subject	Should not	be	Verb-ing
Interrogative	Should	Subject	be	Verb-ing

When we use "Should have done", it means that: 

           - it was the right thing to do but we didn't do it.

           - we expected something to happen, but it didn't. 

e.g. Henry should have finished his work two days ago, (but he didn't).

       He made an impolite statement. As a student, he shouldn't have said such a thing. (but he did).

Pattern: Should + (perfect)

Affirmative	Subject	should	have	Verb 3
Negative	Subject	should not	have	Verb 3
Interrogative	Should	Subject	have	Verb 3

When do we use SHOULD in English?

1. To give advice, a recommendation or a suggestion

This is to say that it is the right thing to do or the correct thing.

• You should see the new Star Wars movie. It’s great!
• He should go to the dentist if his tooth still hurts.
• The test is next week. We should study for it now.
• You should try that new restaurant on Main Street.

2. To express that a situation is likely in the present or in the future. This is a type of expectation or prediction.

• Mary should be at home now. Give her a call.
• He should have the letter now. I sent it last week.
• Our team should win the game on Saturday. (Because we have been training all month so it is our expectation, or prediction that we will win.)
• It should be sunny tomorrow. 

3. Expresses an obligation that is not as strong as Must.

Sometimes Should is used instead of Must to make rules, orders or instructions sound more polite.

This may appear more frequently on formal notices or on information sheets.

• Applications should be sent before the 30th.
• He should drive more carefully.
• Everyone should wear a seatbelt in a car.
• You should pay more attention in class.

All of the above example sentences can have must instead of should making the obligation stronger and less polite.

For example: Applications must be sent before the 30th.

4. Something was expected in the past but it didn’t happen (should + have + past participle)

This expresses the idea that the subject did not fulfill their obligation in the past or did not act responsibly.

• Anna is late. She should have arrived by now.
• I should have called Fred this morning but I forgot.
• You should have given your boss the report yesterday when he asked for it.

5. Not fulfilling an obligation (should + be + verb-ing)

This expresses the idea that someone is not fulfilling their obligation or is not acting sensibly right now.

• You should be wearing your seatbelt. (The person isn’t wearing one right now)
• We should be studying for the exam. (We are not studying right now and we should be studying)

6. Sometimes should is replaced by ought to without a change in meaning. Note that ought to sounds more formal and is used less frequently.

• You ought to go home now. (= You should go home now)
• She ought to take her dog for more walks. (= She should take her dog…)
• They ought to stop doing that. (= They should stop doing that)

For more explanation about modal verb Should, please watch this video, then take the quiz. 

 Well, what do you think of the lesson? Interesting, right? Now, to know how well you understand with the material on Should, please do this quiz .

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Happy Learning! 💚